Cover of the book by Leopold Löwenfeld: “The modern treatment of nervous weakness (neurasthenia), hysteria and related complaints”, 1904

While the war was still raging, a new type of war-related condition was to be seen on the streets of European cities, with its sufferers twitching and trembling as illustration of the inconceivable destructive force of modern mechanical warfare. The condition came to be known as "shell shock".